The study of international relations examines interactions among nations, their governments, and institutions on a global scale. It explores both the formal diplomatic ties of states as well as informal networks and groups that influence global dynamics. It examines a variety of topics such as war, peace, diplomacy, foreign policy, and the changing roles of states in the 21st century world.
The field of IR grew in the early 20th century, especially in the United States as its power and influence increased. It was a time when the idea that systematic observation and inquiry could dispel ignorance and serve human betterment was widely held. It was also a time when new international institutions and arrangements were emerging. For example, NATO’s gradual transformation from the Cold War defense organization that kept the continent of Europe safe to one that is actively promoting peace in the Balkans and that is open to all demonstrates how international relations research and policy can adapt and change to meet new challenges.
The discipline of international relations draws upon many other academic disciplines including anthropology, economics, history, geography, law, political science, sociology, and philosophy. Several schools of thought are prominent in the field, including realism, liberalism, and constructivism.
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